Effect of Trichoderma spp. and phytopathogenic fungi on plant growth and tomato fruit quality

María Fernanda Ruiz-Cisneros, José de Jesús Ornelas-Paz, Guadalupe Isela Olivas-Orozco, Carlos Horacio Acosta-Muñiz, David Roberto Sepúlveda-Ahumada, Daniel Alonso Pérez-Corral, Claudio Rios-Velasco, Miguel Ángel Salas-Marina, Sylvia Patricia Fernández-Pavía

Abstract


The objective of this study was to determine the effect of three Trichoderma species when applied alone and when are confronted with three phytopathogens on plant growth and tomato fruit quality. The substrate of the plants was inoculated with Trichoderma spp. alone and together in confrontation with Alternaria solani, Fusarium oxysporum y Phytophthora infestans. In plant, the height and weight, length and weight of roots, total chlorophyll content in leaves, and yield were determined. Fruits were characterized by color, weight, size, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity, firmness and bromatological composition. Plants inoculated with Trichoderma showed significant increases in most of the variables evaluated, where T. longibrachiatum significantly promoted the growth plants (height ? 13%) and yield (14%), obtaining fruits with higher titratable acidity and lower TSS content. Pathogens decreased yield (23%). Diameter, firmness and protein content in fruits increased with the inoculation of Trichoderma. Color and fiber in fruits were not affected by treatments. Trichoderma strains showed potential to improve fruit quality.


Keywords


antagonists; phytopathogens; TSS; firmness; bromatological analysis

Full Text:

PDF (Español)

References


AOAC. 2002. Official methods of analysis. Association of Official Agricultural Chemists. 17a Ed. Washington, D.C., USA.

Colla G, Rouphael Y, Di Mattia E, El-Nakhel C and Cardarelli M. 2015. Co-inoculation of Glomus intraradices and Trichoderma atroviride acts as a biostimulant to promote growth, yield and nutrient uptake of vegetable crops. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 95:1706-1715. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6875

Domínguez S, Rubio MB, Cardoza RE, Gutiérrez S, Nicolás C, Bettiol W, Hermosa R and Monte E. 2016. Nitrogen Metabolism and growth enhancement in tomato plants challenged with Trichoderma harzianum expressing the Aspergillus nidulans acetamidase amdS gene. Frontiers in Microbiology 7:1182. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01182

Khan MY, Haque MM, Molla AH, Rahman MM and Alam MZ. 2017. Antioxidant compounds and minerals in tomatoes by Trichoderma-enriched biofertilizer and their relationship with the soil environments. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 16:691-703. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61350-3

Molla AH, Haque MM, Haque MA and Ilias GNM. 2012. Trichoderma-enriched biofertilizer enhances production and nutritional quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and minimizes NPK fertilizer use. Agricultural Research 1:265-272. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40003-012-0025-7

NMX-F-102-S-1978. Determinación de la acidez titulable en productos elaborados a partir de frutas y hortalizas. Norma mexicana. Dirección general de normas. Disponible en línea: https://www.colpos.mx/bancodenormas/nmexicanas/NMX-F-102-S-1978.PDF

Pelagio-Flores R, Esparza-Reynoso S, Garnica-Vergara A, López-Bucio J and Herrera-Estrella A. 2017. Trichoderma-Induced acidification is an early trigger for changes in Arabidopsis root growth and determines fungal phytostimulation. Frontiers in Plant Science 8:822. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00822

Pinela J, Barros L, Carvalho AM and Ferreira ICFR. 2012. Nutritional composition and antioxidant activity of four tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) farmer’ varieties in Northeastern Portugal homegardens. Food and Chemical Toxicology 50:829-834. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.045

Pusztahelyi T, Holb IJ and Pócsi I. 2015. Secondary metabolites in fungus-plant interactions. Frontiers in Plant Science 6:573. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00573

Shafique HA, Sultana V, Ehteshamul-Haque S and Athar M. 2016. Management of soil-borne diseases of organic vegetables. Journal of Plant Protection Research 56:221-230. https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jppr-2016-0043

Sharma PK and Gothalwal R. 2017. Trichoderma: A potent fungus as biological control agent. Pp:113-125. In: Singh J., Seneviratne G. (eds) Agro-Environmental Sustainability. Springer, Cham. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49724-2_6

Tigist M, Workneh TS and Woldetsadik K. 2013. Effects of variety on the quality of tomato stored under ambient conditions. Journal of Food Science and Technology 50:477-486. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-011-0378-0

Tucci M, Ruocco M, de Masi L, de Palma M and Lorito M. 2011. The beneficial effect of Trichoderma spp. on tomato is modulated by the plant genotype. Molecular Plant Pathology 12:341-354. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2010.00674.x

Yadeta KA and Thomma BP. 2013. The xylem as battleground for plant hosts and vascular wilt pathogens. Frontiers in Plant Science 4:1-12. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00097




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18781/R.MEX.FIT.1804-5

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.