Phyllody of daisy (Dimorphotheca sinuata) associated to Candidatus phytoplasma asteris

Candelario Ortega-Acosta, Daniel Leobardo Ochoa-Martínez, Reyna Isabel Rojas-Martínez, Jorge Alberto Gutiérrez-Gallegos

Abstract


In Montecillo Texcoco, State of Mexico we observed daisy plants (Dimorphotheca sinuata) showing symptoms of phyllody, virescence and proliferation of axillary branches, all those induced by phytoplasmas. Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to detect the phytoplasma associated with these symptoms by PCR with primers P1/P7 and R16F2n / R2 (nested PCR). The 1200 bp PCR product was obtained from the PCR and it was digested with the restriction enzymes MseI (Tru91), AluI, Kpn1 and HaIII and restriction maps showed that the phytoplasma present in Dimorphoteca sinuata is  Candidatus phytoplasma asteris (16Sr1-B). The sequences were deposited on the NCBI data base and had a similarity of 99% with Candidatus phytoplasma asteris group 16Sr1-B from Iran (MH638316.1). A phylogenetic analysis was performed with the Neighbour-Joining method in which the phytoplasm from daisy was grouped with Candidatus phytoplasma asteris. According to the symptoms observed in the field, analysis of restriction patterns, sequencing and phylogeny, the phyllody of daisy is associated with Candidatus phytoplasma asteris, phylogenetically related to the 16Sr1-B group.

Keywords


Floral reversion; RFLP; sequencing; phytoplasms

Full Text:

PDF (Español)

References


Bai X, Zhang J, Ewing A, Miller SA, Jancso RA, Shevchenko DV, Tsukerman K, Walunas T, Lapidus A and Campbell JW. 2006 Living with genome instability: the adaptation of phytoplasmas to diverse environments of their insect and plant hosts. Journal of Bacteriology 188:3682-3696. DOI:10.1128/JB.188.10.3682-3696.

Cettul E and Firrao G. 2011. Development of phytoplasmainduced flower symptoms in Arabidopsis thaliana. Physiology and Molecular Plant Pathology 76:204-211. DOI:10.1016/j.pmpp.2011.09.001

De Oliveira AP, Mello A, Eckstein B, Flores D, Fabretti KP and Bedendo IP. 2011. Identification by computer-simulated RFLP of phytoplasmas associated with eggplant giant calyx representative of two subgroups, a lineage of 16SrIII-J and the new subgroup 16SrIII-U. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 61: 1454–1461. DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.019141-0

Deng SJ and Hiruki, C. 1991. Genetic relatedness between to non culturable mycoplasmalike organisms revealed by nucleic acid hybridization and polimerase chain reaction. Phytopatology 81: 1475-1479. DOI: 10.1094/ Phyto-81-1475

Dellaporta SL, Wood J and Hicks JB. 1983. A plant DNA Minipreparation: Version II. Plant Molecular Biology Report. 1:19-21. DOI: 10.1007/BF02712670

Gundersen DE and Lee I-M. 1996. Ultrasensitive detection of phytoplasmas by nested- PCR assays using two universal primer pairs. Phytopathology Mediterranea. 35:114–51. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42685262

Hogenhout SA and Segura-Music, M. 2010.Phytoplasma genomics, from sequencing to comparative and functional genomics-What have we learnt? pág. 19-36. eds P.G. Weintraub and P. Jones In: Phytoplasmas: Genomes, Plant Hosts and Vectors http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/ colpos-ebooks/detail.action?docID=476509

Kirkpatrick B, Smart C, Gardner S, Gao JL, Ahrens U, Mäurer R, Schneider B, Lorenz, K?H, Seemüller E, Harrison N, Namba S and Daire X. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships of plant pathogenic MLOs established by 16/23S rDNA spacer sequences. IOM Letters 3, 228– 9.

Lee IM, Davis RE and Gundersen-Rindal DE. 2000. Phytoplasma: phytopathogenic mollicutes. Annual Review of Microbiology 54:221–255. DOI:org/10.1146/annurev.micro.

Marcone C, Ragozzino A, Camele I, Rana GL, Seemüller E. 2001. Updating and extending genetic characterization and classification of phytoplasmas from wild and cultivated plants in southern Italy. Journal of Plant Pathology 83, 133–138.

Oshima K, Kakizawa S, Nishigawa H, Jung HY, Wei W, Suzuki S, Arashida R, Nakata D, Miyata S and Ugaki M. 2004. Reductive evolution suggested from the complete genome sequence of a plant-pathogenic phytoplasma. Nature Genetics 36:27-29. DOI: 10.1038/ng1277

Rojas-Martínez RI, Zavaleta-Mejía E, Trejo LC, and Azpiroz HR. 1999. Some physiologycal alterations in marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) plants infected by phytoplasmas. Fitopatología. 34:225--229.https://www.researchgate.net/ profile/Emma_Zavaleta-Mejia/publication/295073546_ Some_physiological_alterations_in_marigold_Tagetes_erecta_L_plants_infected_by_phytoplasmas/ links/56c6d15708ae0d3b1b6179eb/Some-physiologicalalterations-in-marigold-Tagetes-erecta-L-plants-infectedby-phytoplasmas.pdf?origin=publication_list

Rojas-Martínez RI, Ochoa Martínez D L y Zavaleta Mejía E. 2013.Fitoplasmas y Ca. Liberibacter sp. en cultivos agrícolas. Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Texcoco, Edo de México. 56p. ISBN 978-607-715-138-8.

Rojas-Martínez RI, Zavaleta-Mejía E e Ing-Ming L.2009. Identificación de un aislamiento del grupo 16SRIII Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni en plantas y semillas de amaranto (Amaranthus hypochondriacus l.) en México. Agrociencia. 43:851-860.

Suaste DA, Rojas MRI, Zavaleta ME y Pérez BD. 2012. Detección molecular de fitoplasmas en nopal tunero (Opuntia ficus-indica) con síntomas de engrosamiento del cladodio. Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología 30:72-80. http://www. redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=61225129007

Sugio A and Hogenhout SA. 2012. The genome biology of phytoplasma: modulator of planst and insects. Current Opinion in Microbiology, 15:247–254. DOI:10.1016/j. mib.2012.04.002

Weisburg WG, Tully JG, Rose DL,Petzel JP, Oyaizu H,YangD, Mandelco L, Sechrest J, Lawrence TG and VanEtten J. 989. A phylogenetic analysis of the mycoplasmas:basis for their classification. Journal of Bacteriology.171:6455–67. DOI:10.1128/jb.171.12.6455-6467.1989.

Weintraub P and Bealand A. 2006. Insect vectors of phytoplasmas. Annual Review of Entomology 51: 91-111. DOI:10.1146/annurev.ento.51.110104.151039.

Urbanavi?ien? L, Jomantien? R, Vali?nas D, Davis RE. 2007. Molecular identification of 16SrIA, 16SrI-B, 16SrI-C, and 16SrI-L subgroups of phytoplasmas in gramineous plants in Lithuania. Bulletin of Insectology 60, 127–128.

Marcone C, Ragozzino A, Camele I, Rana GL, Seemüller E. 2001. Updating and extending genetic characterization and classification of phytoplasmas from wild and cultivated plants in southern Italy. Journal of Plant Pathology 83, 133–138.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18781/R.MEX.FIT.1905-3

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.