Resistance to Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae in native maize germplasm

Guillermo Márquez-Licona, Fernando Castillo-González, Mateo Vargas-Hernández, Carlos De León-García de Alba, Alma Rosa Solano-Báez, Santos Gerardo Leyva-Mir, Daniel Téliz-Ortíz

Abstract


Head smut of maize (Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae) is a disease characterized by the pathogen replacing inflorescences with sori full of teliospores. The objective of this study was to investigate the response of 55 native maize populations to S. reilianum infection. Maize populations were collected in the states of Guerrero (13), Oaxaca (13), Puebla (six), Tlaxcala (12) and Estado de México (11). The seed was inoculated with teliospores of the pathogen, using grenetine as adherent. The hybrid Az 41801 was used as a control. The populations were evaluated in Mixquiahuala, Hidalgo, in the 2015 and 2016 plantings. The incidence of the disease was recorded by direct observation of signs and symptoms in the inflorescences. The maximum incidence of the disease in the maize populations was 28.8% and 22.2% in the first and second evaluation, respectively, while the control (Az 41801) presented an incidence of 70.7% and 42.3%. Considering the geographical origin, the native maize collections from the Estados de Mexico and Tlaxcala, had a lower incidence of the disease compared to the rest of the populations, which indicates the presence of genes for resistance to the disease.

Keywords


Zea mays; native maize; resistance; incidence; head smut; artificial inoculation

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18781/R.MEX.FIT.2005-5

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