Etiology and evaluation of the control alternatives for wilt in chile de arbol (Capsicum annuum L.) in La Vega, Metzitlán, Hidalgo, México

Nanci Lozano Alejo, Remigio A. Guzmán-Plazola, Emma Zavaleta Mejía, Víctor Heber Aguilar Rincón, Victoria Ayala Escobar

Abstract


Wilt and death and death of chile de árbol plants in “La Vega de Metztiltánâ€, Hidalgo (VMH) are causing important yield losses in the region. In this work, the etiology of this disease was determined and immediate available control alternatives were evaluated (resistance of ten chile de árbol cultivars and efficiency of chemical and biological products available in the national market) as the first step to the integrated management of the problem. Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani were isolated from diseased plants; however, only Phytophthora capsici duplicated the symptoms of the disease. The CP 1261, CP 1264 and CP 1305 cultivars showed the highest resistance levels to the disease. The repeated administration of metalaxyl, fosetyl-aluminum or propamocarb, metalaxyl alternated with fosetyl-aluminum or with propamocarb, exerted total wilt control. Even though metam sodium controlled the disease in the majority of the cases, it proved to be phytotoxic. Among the natural alternatives, Baktillis (Bacillus subtilis), administered on its own or as the combination of Fus Out (Trichoderma harzianum) with Probac (Bacillus subtilis), both reduced the severity of the disease, but did not prevent the infection by the pathogen.

Keywords


Resistance; chemical control; biological control of Phytophthora capsici

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References


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